Laser cleaning is applied to the stone industry

Laser technology plays an important role in the fields of medical, manufacturing, entertainment, military, and scientific exploration. In recent years, laser technology is gaining more and more applications due to its unique advantages in the cleaning and repair of stone materials and cultural relics. With the increasing requirements for the precision of high-grade stone cleaning and the awareness of human environmental protection, laser cleaning technology is being recognized and used as an advanced cleaning method.

Laser cleaning technology mainly uses laser beam to effectively remove the attachment on the surface of the object to be cleaned at high speed. It saves time, labor and water, and is safe and reliable. It has wide application range and is easy to control automatically. Especially for stone carvings, stone carvings, fine stone structures such as various corners, and the cleaning of high-grade stone materials such as ancient stone artifacts, the advantages of laser cleaning technology are unmatched by many traditional cleaning processes. Therefore, it can be said that laser cleaning is a major advancement in cleaning technology. Promoting the application of laser cleaning technology will definitely make the stone cleaning industry and cultural relics repair industry even more powerful.

The basic principle of laser cleaning:

The bonding force between the dirt and the stone surface is mainly physical force and weak chemical force. Weak chemical forces include hydrogen bonding and bond energy formed by charge transfer, etc. Physical forces include van der Waals forces (including static electricity, induced and dispersive effects), and capillary forces. The reason why stone is harder to clean than other hard surface materials is that due to the large amount of micro-grit in the natural stone, the capillary force of the micro-pores not only enhances the various bonding forces between the dirt and the stone, but also encapsulates it. It also makes it difficult to exert various external forces for cleaning.

The laser is a kind of light radiation with good monochromaticity and directionality. The combination of lenses allows the beam to be focused and concentrated into a small range or region. The laser beam can at least produce three effects:

(1) A mechanical resonance phenomenon will occur on the solid surface to cause the surface fouling layer or condensation to break off.

(2) The surface fouling layer is thermally expanded to overcome the adsorption force of the base material on the dirt particles and to leave the surface of the object.

(3) Evaporating, vaporizing or decomposing the dirt molecules in an instant.

The laser cleaning technology utilizes the vibration of 1 laser pulse; the thermal expansion of 2 particles; the photolysis or phase change of 3 molecules or their combination acts to overcome the bonding force between the surface of the substrate of the dirt, and make it separate from the object. The surface is cleaned.

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